Pervez Musharraf is a retired four-star general in the Pakistan Army who served as the President of Pakistan from 1999 to 2008. He was born on August 11, 1943, in Delhi, India, and migrated to Pakistan in 1947.
Musharraf rose to prominence as a military leader and served in various positions within the army, including as the Chief of Army Staff from 1998 to 2007. In 1999, he led a military coup that ousted then-Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif and assumed the role of Chief Executive of Pakistan.
Musharraf's regime was marked by a period of economic growth and modernization, but also by allegations of human rights violations, suppression of political dissent, and restrictions on press freedom. He also played a key role in the US-led war on terror, aligning Pakistan with the United States and providing support for military operations in Afghanistan.
In 2007, Musharraf imposed emergency rule in Pakistan, which led to widespread protests and criticism from the international community. He resigned from the presidency in 2008, facing the threat of impeachment by the Pakistani parliament.
Following his resignation, Musharraf went into self-imposed exile in Dubai and London. He returned to Pakistan in 2013 to contest the general elections, but was barred from participating due to pending court cases. In 2019, he was sentenced to death in absentia by a Pakistani court for high treason, but the verdict was later overturned. Musharraf currently resides outside of Pakistan.
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